Method guide · Procurement perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways Wear parts — seals, pistons, flow meter inserts, diaphragms — fail on a schedule written by water chemistry and cycle count, not by the calendar. Their stocking policy has to run on consumption rates, not purchase history. The min-max method runs on three…
Audit guide · Procurement perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways A certificate proves a management system was assessed within a defined scope. It does not prove that your specific sensor order is understood, capable, controlled or traceable — which is what an on-site audit has to test [2]. The strongest technique is also…
Method comparison · Technical perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways Standard field practice recognizes four dissolved oxygen methods — amperometric (membrane electrode), luminescent-sensor, spectrophotometric, and iodometric (Winkler) — and the instrument market has settled around the first two [1]. Electrochemical probes consume oxygen to make a measurement, which makes them flow-dependent. Without sample…
Technical deep dive · Engineering perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways The Nernst slope of a pH electrode is not a constant. It is 59.16 mV per pH unit at 25 °C, about 54.2 mV/pH at 0 °C and about 64.1 mV/pH at 50 °C [1]. Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) uses a temperature…
Technical deep dive · Engineering perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways The Nernst slope of a pH electrode is not a constant. It is 59.16 mV per pH unit at 25 °C, about 54.2 mV/pH at 0 °C and about 64.1 mV/pH at 50 °C [1]. Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) uses a temperature…
Technical deep dive · Engineering perspective · Published: September 30, 2026 Key Takeaways Hardness is a stoichiometric concept — the summed concentration of calcium and magnesium — and the reference determination is the EDTA complexometric titration of Standard Methods 2340, not a physical sensor response [1]. Running that titration continuously means putting a wet-chemistry bench…